Jasna Gora monastery

Монастырь Ясна Гора
Jasna Gora monastery

история:

In the western part of the city, known as "old Czestochowa" in the 14th century, a 293-metre high hill was handed over to the Pauline Monks from Hungary in 1382. A sanctuary and monastery were built on the site, surrounded by a wall and garden and it bore the name Jasna Gora (Bright Hill). The name was taken from that of their Mother House at Buda, St. Lawrence in Claro Monte Budensi. In a fire in 1690, the gothic vault collapsed and its rich internal decoration was burned.

место:

Ченстохов

Chestochowa

состав:

собор Св. Креста и Рождества БР

basilica of the Holy Cross and Nativity of Virgin

история:

Church of the Holy Cross and Nativity of Mary beside the Chapel of the Virgin received the title and privileges of a minor masilica in 1906.

оформление:

The basilica's construction was begun in the early 15th century.

It was rebuilt between 1692 and 1695 and restored in 1706 and 1728.

It is 46 meters long, 21 meters wide and 29 meters high. Today, the basilica which was rebuilt between 1692 and 1695 and restored in 1706 and 1728, has three aisles and is a fine example of Baroque art. The multicoloured vaults of the presbytery and the main aisle are the work of Karl Dankwart (1695).

состав:

престол (№3 на плане)

chapel of Assumption

оформление:

1725...28.

It was designed by Giacomo Antonio Buzzini.

The grandeur of its marlbe makes it a fine example of Italian Baroque sculpture.

придел Мадонны Розари (№19 на плане)

chapel of Madonna of the Rosary

придел Пресвятого сердца Иисуса (№8 на плане)

chapel of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, above

история:

Jablonowski family.

придел Рождественский (№14 на плане)

chapel of Nativity

придел св. Августина (№15 на плане)

chapel of St Augustine

придел св. Антония Падуйского (№2 на плане)

chapel of St Anthony of Padua

место:

in the basilica's vestibule

оформление:

17 в.

придел св. Иоанна (№18 на плане)

chapel of St John Nepomuceno

придел св. Иосифа (№6 на плане)

придел св. Казимира (№11 на плане)

chapel of St Casimir

придел св. Mаксимилиана (№12 на плане)

chapel of St Maximilian Kolbe

придел св. Павла (№10 на плане)

chapel of St Paul the First Hermit

история:

Denhoff family.

место:

along the basilica's right-hand aisle

оформление:

Chapel was made entirely of black marble.

придел св. Анны (№5 на плане)

chapel of St Anne

придел Трёх волхвов (№9 на плане)

chapel of Three magi

святыня:

орган

great organ

оформление:

1956.

The acient choirstalls are splendid with a 105-tone organ (about 8,000 pipes) and four registers.

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_39

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_bazylika.html

скульптура (№7 на плане)

A group sculpture featuring St. Francis Saverio

статуя св. Станислава, епископа (№17 на плане)

statue of St Stanislaw, bishop

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_37

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_bazylika.html

интерьер

obraz_38

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_bazylika.html

план

4. The sacristy entrance

7. A group sculpture featuring St. Francis Saverio

13. Portal featuring SS Anthony Abbot and Paul the First Hermit

16. Ambo

церковь Ясногорская

chapel of the Virgin of Jasna Gora

история:

The Virgin's many miracles in the holy place are at the origin of the whole Jasna Gora complex and the painting with the image of Her is the sanctuary's core. In 1382, the Pauline monks received the gift of a small church from Prince Ladislaus of Opole. It was built in wood and the prince also gave the monks an effigy of the Blessed Virgin. The first pilgrimages began soon proved to be too small to host the numbers of faithful. Thus, in the early 15th century in the reign of Ladislaus Jagiello, a gothic chapel was built. This original gothic part of the chapel (now the presbytery) ends at the point where an enormous iron grating extends from the floor to the ceiling, and has a later date (1600). Between 1642 and 1644, a church with three aisles was built onto the gothic chapel, constructed in the typically Polish style known sa "Lublin Baroque", a mixture of Mannerism and the Baroque. The construction is one of the most important of the Cuonter-Reformation.

The sacred icon was later set on an altar of ebony and silver, a votive offering of the Grand Chancellor George Ossolinski in 1650, and it is still in the same place today. The chapel has five altars but one in particular attracts attention because of its considerable artistic marit. It has a cross of the year 1400, of the Wit Stwosz school. The walls of the chapel are covered with votive offerings in thanks for the grace and miracles received after intercession by the Mother of God. The third section of the chapel was built recently (1929). Its pilars and walls are decorated with votive plaques commemorating Polish soldiers who fought in the World Wars or who were martyred under Communism. A left wall niche contains the cinerary urn of Fr. Augustine Kordecki, Jasna Gora's defender against the Swedes.

оформление:

between the 17th and 20th centuries

состав:

престол Ясногорский (№1 на плане)

throne of the Virgin of Jasna Gora

предмет с изображением:

файл

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http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_kaplica_matki_bozej.html

The Iron grating gates diriding the presbytery from the chapel (1644).

придел Благовещенский (№6 на плане)

chapel of Annunciation

придел Введения во храм (№4 на плане)

chapel of Presentation of the Virgin in the temple

придел Оплакивания (№3 на плане)

chapel of Lamentation over Christ

придел Посещения Елизаветы Марией (№5 на плане)

chapel of Visitation

придел Распятия (№9 на плане)

chapel of Crucifixion

придел Рождества Богородицы (№7 на плане)

chapel of Birth of the Virgin

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_29

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_kaplica_matki_bozej.html

план

часовня польской нации (Фр. Кордецкого)

chapel of Polish Nation (of Fr. Kordecki)

история:

It was dedicated on May 3, 1989.

место:

in a 17th century building facing south west near the bastion and between the basilica and the monument to Fr. Kordecki

оформление:

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_62

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_kaplica_ak.html

entrance

колокольня

bell tower

оформление:

The lower part dates to 1714 and is in the baroque style.

Tower was reconstructed in 1906.

h = 106,3 м.

Externally, at the height of the second floor, there are four clocks on each of the tower's side. All the clocks are worked by a single mechanism of 36 bells which ring Marian melodies every 15 minutes.

Inside on the third level, there are four statues, one in each corner: SS Paul the Hermit, Florian, Casimir and queen Hedvig.

On the fifth level 516 steps up, more statues have been erected representing the fathers of the church: SS Leo the Great, Gregory, Augustine and Ambrose.

A raven with bread in its beak (the symbol of the Pauline Order) is on top of the tower's spire with a monogram of Virgin. The monogram is topped by a cross which is illuminated at night, symbolising the light that emanates from this holy place.

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_23

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_wieza.html

ризница

sacristy

оформление:

1651.

The multi-coloured vault, the work of Karl Dankwart, was complated in 1693.

место:

between the basilica and the chapel of the Virgin

состав:

придел св. Венцеслауса

chapel of St Wenceslaus

место:

in front of the entrance

святыня:

икона

icon

название:

Распятие

святыня:

икона

icon

техника:

фреска

fresco

история:

Wall paintings depict the lives of the hermits and of the first anchorites of the Christian tradition.

оформление:

17 в.

A Debnik marble faunt stands near the entrance and is dated 1740.

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_46

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_zakrystia.html

интерьер

казначейство

treasury

история:

The treasury comprises many votive offerings of inestimable value such as ostensors, chalices and precious gems.

оформление:

1649...53.

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_51

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_skarbiec.html

интерьер

музей 600-летия иконы

600th anniversary museum

экспонат (см. план расположения):

I. Paintings of the Jasna Gora school (XVII century)

II. Panels from the ancient cases safeguarding the treasure (XVII century)

1. St. Paul the First Hermit and St Anthony the Abbot

2. Pope John XXII confers the Regola of St. Augustine on the Paulines

3. St Andrew Swierad (+ ~1034)

4. St Benedict, a hermit (+ 1037)

5. Jasper Biedrzychowski, the Paulines Provincial (+ 1630)

6. The Blessed Luke, a Hungarian Pauline (XV century)

7. The death of the Blessed Vladislaw Batory, a Pauline

8. The death of the Blessed Philip in the Hungarian Pauline monastery (XVI century)

9. Andrew Goldonowski, the Pauline Provincial between 1641 and 1644

10. The Jagelloni family receives Holy Communion at Jasna Gora (1477)

11. Prince Vladislaw of Opole donates the painting of the Virgin to the Paulines (1382)

12. The Pauline Stanislaw Oporowski preaching (+ 1552)

13. Nicholas Staszewski, the Pauline General between 1640 and 1644

14. The Jasna Gora Jubilee (1882)

15. King Siegmund I offers the Pulines the reliquary of the Holy Cross

16. "Prayer for reconciliation" in a painting by L. Sobocki (1982)

17. "The Pastor of hope" in a painting by L. Sobocki (1981)

18. The reliquary of St Paul the First Hermit (XVIII century)

19. The Pauline Code (1512) and the Rosary of Fr. Augustine Kordecki

20. The founding document of Jasna Gora of Prince Vladislaw of Opole (August, 2, 1382)

21. The founding document of Jasna Gora of King Vladislaw Jagiello (February 24, 1393)

22. Крест с часами

Cross with a clock (XVII century)

23. Field altar (XIX century); volumes from the monastery's printing house (XIX century)

24. A panel in cedar wood behind the Icon (XVII century)

25. The cope of the canonical vestments of Michael Krassowski (1745)

26. The Image's coral vestment (1910)

27. The vestment "of the Millenium" (1966)

28. The vestment "of the Sixth Centenary" (1982)

29. Funeral portraits nad votive plates (XVII-XVIII centuries)

30. Votive plates (XVIII-XIX centuries); amber and coral necklaces

31. Votive badges and medals (XIX-XX centuries)

32. A votive offering of Lech Walesa

33. A votive offering for miralces of healing (XIX century)

34. A votive offering of deportees to Siberia, of concentration camp prisoners and of Solidarnosc members jailed during the state of war (1981)

35. Gifts of John Paul II

36. Chalices and Jubilee medals (XVII-XX centuries)

37. St Luke painting the Icon of the Virgin

38. A self-portrait by Paulite Augustine Jedrzejczyk (1939)

39. Augustine Kordecki, the Prior of Jasna Gora (1655)

40. The Blessed Thomas, a Paulite (+ 1488)

41. Pope Urban IV gives his approval to the Order of St Paul the First Hermit

42. The martyrdom of the Paulites in Hungary (1526)

43. Tobias Czechowicz, Paulites' Provincial (+ 1703) in a posthumous portrait

44. Dionysius, the Pauline Bishop of Eger, Hungary (+ 1576)

45. The Blessed Benedict (+ 1290)

46. John Zakoly, the Pauline Bishop of Csanad (Hungary)

47. Martin Gruszkowicz, Paulite General (+ 1636)

48. St Paul the First Hermit

49. St Anthony the Abbot

50. The removal of the relics of St Paul the First Hermit from Venice to Buda in a painting by T. Dolabella (1635)

51. 52. 53. Panels from the acient treasure cases (XVII century)

54. St Augustine

55. Constantine Moszynski, Pauline Provincial (XVIII century)

56. St Stanislaw, Bishop and martyr

57. The cope of the "pearl vestment", the work of Pauline Brother Macarius Sztyftowski (XVII century)

58. The chasuble of the "pearl vestments"

59. The dalmatics of the "pearl vestment"

60. The Jubilee ostensory (1982)

61. The crosier of Pauline Bishop Constantine Moszynski (XVII century)

62. A chalice, the work of Pauline Brother Macarius Sztyftowski (XVII century)

63. The reliquary of St John Nepomucen, the work of Pauline Brother Macarius Sztyftowski (XVII century)

64. Musical instruments from the sanctuary chapel (XVII-XIX centuries)

65. The Blessed Koleman, Pauline (+ 1508)

66. A baroque group: the Virgin and putti

67. Ambrose Nieszporkowicz, a Pauline (+ 1703) in a posthumous painting

68. St Casimir, Prince (+ 1484)

69. 70. 71. Panels from the ancient treasure cases (XVII century)

72. Votive candles of Popes Pius XI, John Paul II, Paul VI

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_63

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_muzeum.html

interior

obraz_64

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_muzeum.html

план расположения экспонатов

комната Марии

Marian room

история:

The building is situated to the right of the sanctuary's main entrance and is used for temporary exhibitions. Once the lodgings of the sanctuary's maintance workers, it was transformed into a room of penitence in 1920. In the 1950s, it hosted a Marian exibition from which its present name derives. Since then, it has beenused for various exhibitions on the life of the Church in Poland and on the activities of the Marian Sanctuary.

предмет с изображением:

файл

obraz_70

http://www.jasnagora.pl/english/w_sala_maryjna.html

interior

трапезная

cenacle (20th century)

святыня: